山西自考《英语（二）》复习资料--Text A 2
山西自考网
发布时间：2012年06月03日
词汇精讲
1.goal n. 目标，进球，球门 （ 同义词：aim ,end , purpose，objective）
Her goal is a place at university. 她的目标是在大学任教。
2.objective : n./a. 目的；目标（尤指较长远的目标）；宗旨/客观的，如实的
派生词：object n. 物体
反义词：subjective n./a. 主语；主观事物；/ 主观的，
用法： Her objective is to get a college education. 她的目标是接受大学教育。
If you don't work hard, you'll never achieve your objectives.
假如你不努力工作，你将永远达不到目的。Achieve表示较难达到的目标。
It is an objective report. 这是一篇如实的报道。
3.accomplish v. 完成（任务）等
The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes.
学生们在不到10分钟内完成了任务。
4.predict : v 预言，预示, 预告
同义词：forecast v. 预测，预报
It's hard to predict when it will happen . 很难预见这件事何时发生。
5.accompany : v. 伴随，陪同
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog. 这位孤独的老人让他的狗做伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash. 所有的订货单必须随付现金。
派生词： company n. 公司; v. 陪伴
6.implement v. 实现，实施，履行（诺言）等（强调已有的计划进行实施）
The committee's suggestions will be implemented immediately.
委员会的意见将立即贯彻执行。
The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year。
对全国医疗体系的改革将在明年进行。
7.constraint n. 限制, 约束
They told the truth but only under constraint. Constraint on the rules of grammer
他们说了实话但是有所保留(是被迫的)。 语法规则的限制（约束）
8.tendency : n. 趋势，倾向
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。
派生词：tend v. 趋向，倾向 用法：tend to do sth.
He tends to get angry when people disagree with him .
当人们不同意他的意见时，他很容易生气。
9.achievement n. 完成，成就，
An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young .
对一个如此年轻的人来说，获得奥运会银牌是个了不起的成就。
派生词：achieve v. 完成，做到，达到（目的），实现，获得
He will never achieve his objectives if he doesn't work hard .
如果他不努力，将会永远达不到目的。
10.attain : v. 达到；获得 （长期努力后而获得）同义词：obtain, get
用法： She has made up her mind to attain her goal in life. 她下定决心要达到生活中的目标。
The apple tree has attained to a great height. 苹果树已长得很高了。
11.optimal adj 最佳的
The sailors are waiting for optimal weather conditions before taking off .船员们正在等待出航的最佳天气条件。
12.argue : vt./vi. 争辩，争论，辩论
用法：
作不及物动词用时，后边可以接with, about 或over(就…争论)，for (赞成)或against (反对)
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues. 她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。
He often argues philosophy with James. 他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。
He argued for immediate action. 他主张立即行动。
They argued against such a policy. 他们反对这种政策。
作及物动词时，表示”说服、用辩论证明“的意思
I argued him out going on such a dangerous journey. 我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。
He argued that man was descended from apes. 他论证人类的祖先是猿。
13.scheme n 计划 方案
He has got a crazy scheme for getting rich before he is 20 .
他制定了一个在20岁之前发财的疯狂计划。
14.multiple adj 多样的 复合的
What the person does next is the result of the multiple influences to which they have been exposed .
一个人下一步会做什么是他受到的多种影响的结果。
15.ongoing adj 进行中的，前进的
No agreement has yet been reached and the negotiations are still ongoing.
目前还没有达成任何协议，谈判仍在进行。
16.entity n 存在 实体
He regarded the north of the country as a separate cultural entity .
他把这个国家的北方看成一个单独的文化实体。
17.skilled adj 熟练的,有技能的
My mother is very skilled at /in dressmaking.
我母亲非常擅长做衣服。
Phrases and Expressions
1.(stand, get, be ) in the way 碍事 ,挡道的；妨碍人的
If you are not going to help, at least don't get in the way! 如果你不愿帮忙，至少别妨碍人家。
The chair is in the way, please move it away. 这把椅子挡着路，请把它移开。
1.goal n. 目标，进球，球门 （ 同义词：aim ,end , purpose，objective）
Her goal is a place at university. 她的目标是在大学任教。
2.objective : n./a. 目的；目标（尤指较长远的目标）；宗旨/客观的，如实的
派生词：object n. 物体
反义词：subjective n./a. 主语；主观事物；/ 主观的，
用法： Her objective is to get a college education. 她的目标是接受大学教育。
If you don't work hard, you'll never achieve your objectives.
假如你不努力工作，你将永远达不到目的。Achieve表示较难达到的目标。
It is an objective report. 这是一篇如实的报道。
3.accomplish v. 完成（任务）等
The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes.
学生们在不到10分钟内完成了任务。
4.predict : v 预言，预示, 预告
同义词：forecast v. 预测，预报
It's hard to predict when it will happen . 很难预见这件事何时发生。
5.accompany : v. 伴随，陪同
The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog. 这位孤独的老人让他的狗做伴。
All orders must be accompanied with cash. 所有的订货单必须随付现金。
派生词： company n. 公司; v. 陪伴
6.implement v. 实现，实施，履行（诺言）等（强调已有的计划进行实施）
The committee's suggestions will be implemented immediately.
委员会的意见将立即贯彻执行。
The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year。
对全国医疗体系的改革将在明年进行。
7.constraint n. 限制, 约束
They told the truth but only under constraint. Constraint on the rules of grammer
他们说了实话但是有所保留(是被迫的)。 语法规则的限制（约束）
8.tendency : n. 趋势，倾向
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。
派生词：tend v. 趋向，倾向 用法：tend to do sth.
He tends to get angry when people disagree with him .
当人们不同意他的意见时，他很容易生气。
9.achievement n. 完成，成就，
An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young .
对一个如此年轻的人来说，获得奥运会银牌是个了不起的成就。
派生词：achieve v. 完成，做到，达到（目的），实现，获得
He will never achieve his objectives if he doesn't work hard .
如果他不努力，将会永远达不到目的。
10.attain : v. 达到；获得 （长期努力后而获得）同义词：obtain, get
用法： She has made up her mind to attain her goal in life. 她下定决心要达到生活中的目标。
The apple tree has attained to a great height. 苹果树已长得很高了。
11.optimal adj 最佳的
The sailors are waiting for optimal weather conditions before taking off .船员们正在等待出航的最佳天气条件。
12.argue : vt./vi. 争辩，争论，辩论
用法：
作不及物动词用时，后边可以接with, about 或over(就…争论)，for (赞成)或against (反对)
She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues. 她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。
He often argues philosophy with James. 他常和詹姆斯讨论哲学。
He argued for immediate action. 他主张立即行动。
They argued against such a policy. 他们反对这种政策。
作及物动词时，表示”说服、用辩论证明“的意思
I argued him out going on such a dangerous journey. 我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。
He argued that man was descended from apes. 他论证人类的祖先是猿。
13.scheme n 计划 方案
He has got a crazy scheme for getting rich before he is 20 .
他制定了一个在20岁之前发财的疯狂计划。
14.multiple adj 多样的 复合的
What the person does next is the result of the multiple influences to which they have been exposed .
一个人下一步会做什么是他受到的多种影响的结果。
15.ongoing adj 进行中的，前进的
No agreement has yet been reached and the negotiations are still ongoing.
目前还没有达成任何协议，谈判仍在进行。
16.entity n 存在 实体
He regarded the north of the country as a separate cultural entity .
他把这个国家的北方看成一个单独的文化实体。
17.skilled adj 熟练的,有技能的
My mother is very skilled at /in dressmaking.
我母亲非常擅长做衣服。
Phrases and Expressions
1.(stand, get, be ) in the way 碍事 ,挡道的；妨碍人的
If you are not going to help, at least don't get in the way! 如果你不愿帮忙，至少别妨碍人家。
The chair is in the way, please move it away. 这把椅子挡着路，请把它移开。