2016年00015英语（二）复习资料-串讲笔记3

7.名词与代词和名词所有格的一致

一般来说，代词和名词所有格对名词的指代在数的形式上是一致的。

    The two sisters have their own different toys.

    The men are discussing their opinions at the meeting.当名词为audience,class,committee,enemy,family,faculty,gang,government,jury,media,public,staff,team等既可视为整体名词又可视为个体名词的集体名词时，则要根据它们在句中的意思来确定代词和所有格的形式。

    The public demanded that the government account for its new economic policy.

    The government had discussed this problem for a long time but they had shown no sign of agreement.

8.不定代词的一致问题

    one,everyone,everybody,no one,nobody,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody等作主语时，在正式的文体中其相应的代词一般用him,所有格用his，也有人用him or her和his or her，但是这种用法显得累赘。

    Everybody must finish his homework by tomorrow.

    Nobody in that position will give his opinion right away.

注意：one作主语时，其相应的代词也可以是one，所有格可以是one’s。

    One has to be careful about what one says before children.

在非正式文体中，也可根据意义，用复数代词。而且，由于him和his有语言性别歧视之嫌，虽然谓语动词仍用单数形式，现在人们普遍用复数代词。

    No one has handed in their paper yet.

    Everyone has given their opinion on the issue.

但everything,anything,something,nothing作主语时，其相应的代词要用单数形式。

    Something has gone wrong,hasn’t it?

    Tag Questions

9.附加疑问句的构成

    由两部分构成：陈述句+附加成分。附加成分也由两部分构成：助动词或be的一种形式+人称代词（应与陈述句的主语相应）

    附加疑问句主要用于口语，表示期望对方的同意或对所陈述之事的首肯。